The simulation hypothesis can trace its roots to Rene Descartes thought experiments on the "evil demon" who provides the appearance of reality. Descartes concluded the possibility of a simulation by an evil demon could not be eliminated or ignored because any attempt to refute it could all be part of the simulation. You could still decide to believe or not believe that we live in a simulation, but your belief would not impact reality, whatever that might be.

Your various concepts of time in a simulation miss the much more likely and obvious possibility that time is merely an illusion created by our minds. Time is an illusion created by memory. Ask yourself if the concept of time would exist without memory. Clearly, it would not because without memory of a previous "now" we wouldn't perceive time at all.

Time is merely the measure of change. The major equations of physics don't need time to work. With Newton (or Leibniz), we have calculus to give us the instantaneous rate of change which eliminated the time factor as a variable. Time is not real. Time is a conceptual measure of change, extremely useful in daily life, but an illusion nonetheless.